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<IMAGE SRC='myimages/rovdriver.jpg' WIDTH=260 border="0" ALIGN=left  TITLE="Directing the ROV survey, SEATOS Cruise, Indian Ocean.">
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		Dr. Edward Duke
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		Ph.D. (2000), University of Wisconsin<BR>
		Associate Professor and Mickelson Chair<BR>
		Geology and Geological Engineering<BR>
		South Dakota School of Mines<BR>
		Rapid City, SD 57701<BR>
		phone 605-394-5326<BR></SPAN><BR CLEAR=all>	
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		Research synopsis
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As residents of a dynamic planet, we face an array of geohazards from volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis. From a physical standpoint, fluid-solid coupling drives these dynamic systems. Fluid magma propagates through the solid rock of an active volcano to either remain in storage at depth or erupt at the land surface. The coseismic shift of the solid seafloor from a megathrust earthquake excites the overlying ocean, resulting in tsunami waves. These fluid waves, in turn, interact with the solid coastal areas with devastating consequences. Large earthquakes transfer stress to the near-field region surrounding the rupture. Diffusive flow of pore fluids in the crust and viscous flow of the mantle slowly relax these stresses, producing delayed aftershocks.
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We specialize in using <A HREF="http://www.3ds.com">Abaqus</A>-based Finite Element Models (FEMs) to simulate fluid-solid coupling that drives deformation systems of earthquakes and active volcanoes. We are particularly focused on developing methods to embed FEMs in nonlinear inverse analyses that use observations of Earth's surface deformation (e.g., GPS and InSAR) to characterize inaccessible deformation sources at depth. The Geodynamics Laboratory is equipped with Heavy Workstations (multi-core CPUs, TFLOP GPU acceleration, Big RAM, and Solid-state drives) that are specifically designed for FEM-based analyses. Example targets include:
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			<LI><B>NSF Geophysics</B> (2013-2016) 
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<i>FEM-based inverse methods to estimate nonlinear geometric source parameters of volcano deformation from geodetic data. </i> Study sites are Okmok volcano, Alaska, and Tunguraha, Ecuador.
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			<LI><B>NSF Geophysics</B> (2009-2014) 
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<i>Unraveling coseismic and postseismic deformation: A prerequisite for analyses of stress-coupling and tsunami genesis.</i> Study sites include the 2011 M9 Tohoku Earthquake and 2004 M9 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake.
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			<LI><B>NASA ROSES ESI</B> (2012-2016)
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<i>Near-field postseismic poroelastic deformation, InSAR observations, and modeling. Multiple study sites.</i> Collaborative research with NASA JPL.
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			<LI><B>JAXA 4th ALOS Research Announcement for ALOS-2</B> (2013-2017)
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<i>Interferometric analysis of JERS-1, ALOS, and ALOS-2 SAR data for Okmok Volcano to constrain dynamic models of magmatic processes.</i>
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<IMAGE SRC='myimages/visco.gif' WIDTH=180 BORDER="0" ALIGN=center TITLE="Viscoelastic relaxation of the 2004 M9 Sumatra Mega-earthquake." >
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<IMAGE SRC='myimages/pageophx5-test.gif' WIDTH=180 BORDER="0" ALIGN=center TITLE="FEM of the 2011 M9 Tohoku Earthquake."  >
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